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The Six Elements

Module 8: The Six Elements of Skills Training · Lesson 1 of 3

15 min Back to module

Story opener

Thursday, 4:40 p.m. A participant is sitting across from you, your supervisor wants three notes before you leave, and the answer you need is not in any binder on the shelf. This lesson is the part of the job nobody handed you in orientation.

Learning objectives

  • Be able to all six elements, every skill
  • Be able to plan generalization before the first practice

Lesson

Teach, model, practice, feedback, generalize, maintain.

Direct teaching names the skill and its steps. Modeling shows it, including a version that goes imperfectly. Practice is role-play then in-vivo. Feedback is immediate, specific, and starts with what worked. Generalization moves the skill to other settings and people. Maintenance plans for the skill surviving after you fade.

Skipping generalization is the most common failure: participants perform well with you and nowhere else.

Maryland guidance & authority labels

Every statement below is labeled so you know what is binding regulation, what is only proposed, what is professional guidance, and what is our house standard.

  • PRA guidance

    Skills training follows a sequence: describe, demonstrate, practice, feedback, generalize, fade. Skipping generalization is why skills die at the clinic door.

  • Internal best practice

    Record the prompt level used each session so fading is visible as data, not as an impression.

Common mistakes

  • Describing what you did without describing what the participant did.

    Do this instead — Record the intervention and the participant's observable response to it.

  • Treating regulation as a filing chore separate from practice.

    Do this instead — Let the required elements shape the session itself, so documentation writes itself.

Practical examples

Practical example

Instead of 'met with participant to discuss goals,' write: 'Reviewed the transportation objective; participant identified the #22 route unassisted and named one back-up plan. Verbal prompt needed once. Next session: practice the transfer at Mondawmin.'

Key takeaways

  • All six elements, every skill
  • Plan generalization before the first practice

Reflection prompts

  1. 1Which part of this lesson describes something you are already doing differently in practice?
  2. 2What would an auditor see in your last five notes that contradicts this standard?

Bring your answers to supervision — the case-study workspace in this module saves written notes to your account.

Knowledge check

4 questions drawn from a bank of 7 · 75% to pass · instant feedback on every answer

1. A colleague does this: Describing what you did without describing what the participant did. What should they do instead?

2. Which statement is a key takeaway from "The Six Elements"?

3. A colleague does this: Treating regulation as a filing chore separate from practice. What should they do instead?

4. Which additional point does "The Six Elements" emphasize?